212)a)false,consider there is no change of state,ie all state parameters remain const,here it is also an isochoric,adiabatic process.
b)false.Universe can be considered to be an isolated system.
c)True.
d)false.In a cyclic process,part can be considered spontaneous and the other non-spontaneous or forced.Hence there should be some some work,heat interaction that will change the state of surroundings.
2622) i think c) d) are correct
c)cyclic process means that the initial state and final states are same.
21aditya but they have asked for the state of surroundings.
2nd law states:
It is impossible to construct a machine operating in cycles [ie cyclic process]that will convert heat into work without producing any other changes.
1I think in the 1st one,
(b) and (d) should be correct.
Not sure though..
